The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) offers Challenge Grants to institutions and organizations to aid in support of humanities resources and programming. These are substantial multi-year awards that are most often used to establish an endowment. They require fundraising commitments equaling three times the grant request on the part of a first-time recipient institution. There are Spring and Fall deadlines each year. The next is November 3 for programs beginning June 2004. Details are available at: http://www.neh.gov/grants/guidelines/challenge.html.
NEH Challenge Grants may also be used to promote humanities activities using the themes of the We the People http://www.neh.gov/grants/wethepeople.html initiative.
For more library grant opportunities, see http://www.nmrls.org/grants/links.shtml.